8 Mount in Indonesia Famous For Explosion

8 Mount in Indonesia Famous For Explosion



Indonesia has many volcanoes are still active to this day. Some of them have a fantastic record eruption that made the world to feel the impact. The magnitude of the eruption of a volcano can be calculated using measurements VEI. Volcanic explosivity index (VEI), presented by Chris Newhall of the U.S. Geological Survey and Steve Self of the University of Hawaii in 1982 to provide a relative measure of the amount of volcanic eruptions.
Here are some Indonesian volcanoes ever recorded eruptions were measured using the VEI.
Kelud (VEI = 4)
Since the 15th century, Kelud has claimed more than 15,000 lives. This volcanic eruption in 1586 claimed the lives of more than 10,000 inhabitants. A system to divert the lava flow has been made extensively in 1926 and still functioning until now after the eruption in 1919 claimed thousands of lives due to cold lava flood swept settlements.

In the 20th century, recorded Kelud erupted in 1901, 1919 (May 1), 1951, 1966, and 1990. In 2007 the mountain was again increased its activity. This pattern brings experts volcano on 15-year cycle for this eruption.
Mount Merapi (VEI = 4)
Mount Merapi is the youngest in a collection of volcanoes in southern Java. The mountain is located in a subduction zone, where the Indo-Australian plate continues to move down the Eurasian Plate. The eruption in the area lasted from 400,000 years ago until 10,000 years ago and kind of eruption is effusive. After that, the eruptions become explosive, with lava that causes viscous lava domes.

Small eruptions occur every 2-3 years, and the larger about 10-15 years. Merapi eruptions big impact among others in the years 1006, 1786, 1822, 1872, and 1930.
Major eruption in 1006 made the whole central part of Java island shrouded in gray. It is estimated, the eruption caused the Ancient Mataram Kingdom had moved to East Java. The explosion in 1930 destroyed 13 villages and killed 1400 people.
Galunggung (VEI = 5)
Galunggung recorded erupted in 1882 (VEI = 5). The early signs of eruption known in July 1822, where the water becomes turbid and muddy Cikunir. Test results showed that the water was murky crater is hot and sometimes appear in a column of smoke from the crater.

Then on October 8 s.d. October 12, the eruption of reddish sand produces rain very hot, fine ash, hot clouds and lava. Lava flow moving to the southeast following the river flows. The eruption killed 4011 people and destroyed 114 villages, the destruction of land to the east and south as far as 40 km from the summit of the mountain.
Gunung Agung (VEI = 5)
Mount Agung last erupted in 1963-64 and is still active, with a large and very deep crater which occasionally emit smoke and ash. From a distance, the mountain is visible cone, although in it there is a huge crater.

From the top of the mountain, it is possible to see the peak of Mount Rinjani in Lombok, although both mountains are frequently covered in clouds.
On February 18, 1963, local residents heard loud explosions and saw clouds rising from the crater of Mount Agung. On February 24, lava began flowing down the northern slope of the mountain.
On March 17, the volcano erupted, sending debris 8-10 km into the air and produce large pyroclastic flows. This current is much destroying villages, killing about 1,500 people. A second eruption on May 16 led to pyroclastic flows which killed another 200 people.
Krakatau (VEI = 6)
Krakatau is a volcanic archipelago that is still active and is in the Sunda Strait between Java and Sumatra. This name ever pinned on a volcanic peak there (Mount Krakatoa), which vanish because of the eruption itself on 26-27 August 1883.

The eruption was so powerful; cloud of heat and the resulting tsunami killed about 36,000 people. Up until December 26, 2004, this is the terdahsyat tsunami in the Indian Ocean.
Loud pop was heard up in Alice Springs, Australia and the island of Rodrigues near Africa, 4653 miles. Yield is estimated at 30,000 times the atomic bomb that was detonated in Hiroshima and Nagasaki at the end of World War II.
The eruption of Krakatoa caused global climate change. The world was dark for two and a half days due to volcanic ash that covered the atmosphere. The sun was shining dim until next year. Scattering of dust visible in the sky Norway to New York.
The explosion of Krakatoa is actually still less than the eruption of Mount Toba and Mount Tambora in Indonesia, Mount Tanpo in New Zealand and Mount Katmal in Alaska.
However, these mountains erupted deep in the human population is still very small. Meanwhile, when Mount Krakatoa erupted, the human population is dense enough, science and technology has evolved, the telegraph was invented, and subsea cable already installed. Thus it can be said that at the time of information technology is growing and developing rapidly.
Noted that the eruption of Krakatoa was the first major disaster in the world after the discovery of the submarine telegraph. Progress is, unfortunately, not been matched by progress in the field of geology. Geologists now were not even able to give an explanation of the eruption.
Maninjau (VEI = 7)
Maninjau caldera formed by volcanic eruptions is estimated to occur around 52,000 years ago. Deposits from the eruption have been found in radial distribution around Maninjau stretches up to 50 km to the east, 75 km to the southeast, and west to the coast. Has a volume of 220-250 km ³ and 20 km long and 8 km wide.

Mount Tambora (VEI = 7)
Volcano volcanic activity peaked in April 1815 when it erupted in a scale of seven on the Volcanic explosivity Index. The eruption became eruption since the eruption of Lake Taupo tebesar in the year 181.

The eruption was heard up to Sumatra island (more than 2,000 km). Volcanic ash falls in Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Java and Maluku. The eruption caused the death of up to no less than 71,000 people with 11000-12000 killed them direct result of the eruption.
Even some researchers estimate up to 92,000 people were killed, but the figure is questionable because it is based on estimates that are too high. Moreover, these volcanic eruptions caused global climate change.
The following year (1816) is often referred to as the Year Without a Summer because the weather changes drastically from North America and Europe due to dust generated from this Tambora eruption. Due to drastic climate change, many crops failed and livestock died in the Northern Hemisphere caused the worst famine in the 19th century.
During an archaeological excavation in 2004, a team of archaeologists found the remains buried by the eruption of culture in 1815 at a depth of 3 meters in pyroclastic deposits. Artifacts were found at the same position when the eruption occurred in 1815. Due to the similar characteristics of this, the findings are often referred to as the Pompeii of the East.
Toba supervolcano (VEI = 8)
Volcanic eruption is the most powerful ever known on planet Earth. And almost wiping out generations of mankind on the planet Earth.
73,000 years ago Supervolcano eruption of Indonesia's nearly wiping out the entire human race. Only a few survivors. And after Tsunami Volcanoes In Indonesia became active once again and threatens humanity.

These eruptions can not be compared to anything that has been experienced on earth since the time when humans could walk upright. Compared with the supervolcano Toba, Krakatau even that caused tens of thousands of deaths in 1883 is just a little burp.
Though Krakatau has explosive power equivalent to 150 megatons of TNT. For comparison: Bomb blast hiroshima has only 0.015 megatons of explosive power, and the power of destruction a verbal 10,000 times weaker than Krakatau.
As noted by scientists, toba nearly destroy mankind 73.00 years ago. At that Neanderthal man inhabited the earth simultaneously with homo sapiens in Europe, as well as homo erectus and homo floresiensis in Asia.
When it is very cold in Europe, the last Ice Age is running smoothly where deer, wild horses and giant deer hunted. Besides food herbivores, mammoth and woolly rhino is also often the human diet.
Toba, with a diameter of 90 kilometers on the island now known by the name of Sumatra, erupted with tremendous. Along with the huge tsunami waves, there are 2800 cubic kilometers of ash were released, which spread throughout the atmosphere of our planet. Which may have reduced the human population to only about 5,000 to 10,000 people only.
Actually people of today are from a few thousand human survivors of a super volcano Toba eruption 73,000 years ago. Therefore volcanoes in Indonesia are responsible for almost extinction of the human race.

And from 60 to 70 volcanoes which can ditemuai in the area (Indonesia) now, some of them become active again in a few months or a few weeks after the earthquake on the ocean floor in December 2004.
Although Toba is still far away and safely asleep under a large sea that bears the same name in North Sumatra, many people are afraid if one day active volcano Talang located 300 kilometers south of the Toba eruption, can wake the sleeping giant.
Prof volcanologist. Ray Cas says' It may happen, but when Toba ready to erupt and the above situation is not the only indication of the incident. "
The experts are thinking that maybe someday another big eruption will occur but it will be possible around 10,000 or even 100,000 years. But in any case, not all things can be predicted.
source: http://okebanget.net/2011/01/07/8-gunung-di-indonesia-yang-terkenal-karena-letusannya/